[冷熱沖擊試驗箱]冷熱沖(chong)擊試驗箱常見故障及(ji)排除(chu)方法

　　現(xian)今行(xing)業內的(de)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)設備品種繁(fan)多(duo)，但使(shi)用最廣泛的(de)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)設備為：高(gao)溫、低溫、濕熱試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)箱(xiang)，而比較流(liu)行(xing)是集(ji)合了高(gao)溫、低溫、濕熱為一體的(de)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)箱(xiang)—冷(leng)熱沖(chong)擊(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)箱(xiang)，它(ta)的(de)修理(li)難度較其它(ta)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)設備大，且具有(you)代表(biao)性。下面就冷(leng)熱沖(chong)擊(ji)箱(xiang)為例，講述下冷(leng)熱沖(chong)擊(ji)的(de)構造及冷(leng)熱沖(chong)擊(ji)箱(xiang)常見故障及排除(chu)方法 。

　　一、常見冷熱(re)沖擊試驗箱的結構：

　　試驗(yan)(yan)人員(yuan)除正確按(an)操(cao)作(zuo)規程操(cao)作(zuo)，還應該(gai)對其(qi)結構有所了解(jie)。冷(leng)熱沖擊試驗(yan)(yan)由箱體、風循環(huan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、制冷(leng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、加(jia)(jia)(jia)溫(wen)(wen)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)和控濕(shi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)組(zu)(zu)成。風循環(huan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)一般采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)可調節送風方(fang)向的(de)結構；加(jia)(jia)(jia)濕(shi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)有采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)鍋爐(lu)加(jia)(jia)(jia)濕(shi)的(de)和表面蒸發(fa)二(er)(er)種；降溫(wen)(wen)、去(qu)濕(shi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)空調工(gong)況制冷(leng)結構；加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱系(xi)統(tong)(tong)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)熱鰭片加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱和電(dian)爐(lu)絲直接加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱二(er)(er)種結構；溫(wen)(wen)濕(shi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)測(ce)試方(fang)法采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)干濕(shi)球測(ce)試方(fang)法，也有用(yong)(yong)濕(shi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)傳感器直接測(ce)量方(fang)法；控制和顯示(shi)操(cao)作(zuo)界面采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)溫(wen)(wen)濕(shi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)分開獨(du)立和溫(wen)(wen)濕(shi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)組(zu)(zu)合控

　　二、常見故障和排(pai)除方法：

　　1.在高(gao)溫(wen)試驗中，如(ru)(ru)溫(wen)度(du)(du)變化達不到試驗溫(wen)度(du)(du)值時，可以(yi)檢查(cha)電器(qi)系(xi)統，逐(zhu)一排除故(gu)障(zhang)。如(ru)(ru)溫(wen)度(du)(du)升(sheng)得很慢，就要(yao)查(cha)看風循(xun)環系(xi)統，看一下(xia)風循(xun)環的調節擋板是否開啟正常，反之，就檢查(cha)風循(xun)環的電機(ji)運轉(zhuan)是否正常。如(ru)(ru)溫(wen)度(du)(du)過沖厲害那么(me)就需(xu)要(yao)整定PID的設置參數。如(ru)(ru)果溫(wen)度(du)(du)直接上升(sheng)，過溫(wen)保(bao)護，那么(me)，控制器(qi)出(chu)故(gu)障(zhang)，須更換控制儀表。

　　2.在(zai)做濕(shi)(shi)熱試驗中，出現(xian)實(shi)際(ji)濕(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)會達到100%或者(zhe)(zhe)實(shi)際(ji)濕(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)與目標濕(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)相(xiang)差很大(da)，數(shu)值低得很多，前者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)現(xian)象：可(ke)能是(shi)(shi)濕(shi)(shi)球(qiu)傳感器(qi)上的(de)(de)紗布干燥引起，那就要(yao)檢(jian)查濕(shi)(shi)球(qiu)傳感器(qi)的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)槽中是(shi)(shi)否缺水(shui)(shui)，水(shui)(shui)槽中的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)是(shi)(shi)由一水(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)自動控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)，查水(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)供水(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)統是(shi)(shi)否供水(shui)(shui)正(zheng)常，水(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)工作(zuo)是(shi)(shi)否正(zheng)常。另一種可(ke)能就是(shi)(shi)濕(shi)(shi)球(qiu)紗布因使(shi)用時間長，或供水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)純凈度(du)(du)的(de)(de)原因，會使(shi)紗布變硬，使(shi)紗布無法吸收水(shui)(shui)份而干燥，只要(yao)更換或清洗紗布即可(ke)排除以上現(xian)象。后者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)現(xian)象主要(yao)是(shi)(shi)加(jia)濕(shi)(shi)系(xi)(xi)統不工作(zuo)，查看加(jia)濕(shi)(shi)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)供水(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)統，供水(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)統內是(shi)(shi)否有一定的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)量，控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)加(jia)濕(shi)(shi)鍋(guo)爐水(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)是(shi)(shi)否正(zheng)常，加(jia)濕(shi)(shi)鍋(guo)爐內的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)位(wei)(wei)是(shi)(shi)否正(zheng)常。如以上一切都正(zheng)常，那就要(yao)檢(jian)查電器(qi)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統，這要(yao)請專(zhuan)業維修(xiu)人(ren)員進(jin)行檢(jian)修(xiu)。

　　3.低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)達(da)不(bu)(bu)到試(shi)驗(yan)的(de)(de)指標(biao)，那你就(jiu)(jiu)要(yao)觀(guan)察溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)變化，是(shi)(shi)(shi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)降的(de)(de)很慢，還是(shi)(shi)(shi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)到一定值(zhi)后溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)有回升(sheng)的(de)(de)趨勢(shi)，前者(zhe)就(jiu)(jiu)要(yao)檢(jian)查一下，做(zuo)低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)試(shi)驗(yan)前是(shi)(shi)(shi)否將工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)室烘干(gan)，使工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)室保持干(gan)燥后再(zai)將試(shi)驗(yan)樣(yang)品(pin)放(fang)(fang)入(ru)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)室內(nei)(nei)再(zai)做(zuo)試(shi)驗(yan)，工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)室內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)試(shi)驗(yan)樣(yang)品(pin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否放(fang)(fang)置(zhi)的(de)(de)過多，使工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)室內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)風不(bu)(bu)能充分循環，在(zai)排除上述原因后，就(jiu)(jiu)要(yao)考慮是(shi)(shi)(shi)否是(shi)(shi)(shi)制冷系統中的(de)(de)故障(zhang)了，這樣(yang)就(jiu)(jiu)要(yao)請廠家(jia)的(de)(de)專業(ye)人員進行檢(jian)修(xiu)。后者(zhe)的(de)(de)現象是(shi)(shi)(shi)設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)使用環境不(bu)(bu)好所致，設(she)備(bei)放(fang)(fang)置(zhi)的(de)(de)環境溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)，放(fang)(fang)置(zhi)的(de)(de)位置(zhi)（箱體后與墻的(de)(de)距離）要(yao)滿(man)足(zu)要(yao)求（在(zai)設(she)備(bei)操作(zuo)(zuo)使用說明中都有規定）。

　　4.設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)在試驗(yan)運行過程(cheng)中(zhong)突然出現(xian)(xian)故(gu)障(zhang)時，控制儀(yi)表上出現(xian)(xian)對應的故(gu)障(zhang)顯示提(ti)示并有(you)聲訊報(bao)警(jing)提(ti)示。操作人員可(ke)以(yi)對照設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的操作使用中(zhong)的故(gu)障(zhang)排除(chu)一章中(zhong)快速檢查出屬于哪(na)一類故(gu)障(zhang)，即(ji)可(ke)請專業(ye)人員快速排除(chu)故(gu)障(zhang)，以(yi)確保試驗(yan)的正常進(jin)行。其它環境試驗(yan)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)在使用中(zhong)還會(hui)有(you)其它的現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)，那就要(yao)具(ju)體(ti)現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)，具(ju)體(ti)分(fen)析和排除(chu)。

　　環(huan)境(jing)試驗(yan)設備還要定(ding)期(qi)進(jin)行維(wei)護保養，制冷系統的冷凝器(qi)定(ding)期(qi)清理，對于活動部件應按說明書(shu)加(jia)油潤滑，電器(qi)控制系統定(ding)期(qi)維(wei)護檢查等(deng)等(deng)，這些工作是(shi)必(bi)不可少的。